diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 0d9b845..283e771 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,5 +1,17 @@
 # Changelog
 
+## [1.1.0] - Unreleased
+
+### ⚠️ 破坏性变更
+
+- **`DefaultBeanRowMapper.of()` 不再抛出 `SQLException`**：工厂方法在反射异常时改为抛出非受检异常 `IllegalStateException`。调用方如果 `catch (SQLException e)` 包裹 `of()` 调用，该捕获将失效，需移除相关 `catch` 块或改为捕获 `IllegalStateException`。
+
+### 文档
+
+- 优化 `DefaultBeanRowMapper` 类注释，明确性能限制和使用建议
+
+---
+
 ## [1.0.0] - 2026-06-17
 
 ### 重构
diff --git a/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/DefaultBeanRowMapper.java b/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/DefaultBeanRowMapper.java
index 9f0e9c1..85a9fa8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/DefaultBeanRowMapper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/DefaultBeanRowMapper.java
@@ -41,16 +41,17 @@ import xyz.zhouxy.jdbc.util.NamingTools;
  *
  * <p>
  * 将 {@link ResultSet} 转换为 Java Bean 的 {@link RowMapper} 的基础实现。
- * <i>仅在对性能不敏感的场景下使用。</i>
+ * <p>
+ * <i>性能和规则上的限制都比较大，仅在对性能不敏感的场景下便捷使用，
+ * 一般情况下你应该自定义 {@link RowMapper}。</i>
  *
  * <p>
  * 说明：
  * <ul>
  * <li>使用反射获取类型信息，也是使用反射调用无参构造器和 {@code setter} 方法。</li>
- * <li>{@code propertyColMap} 未指定的列名和属性名的映射时，默认 JavaBean 的属性名为小驼峰，列名为小写蛇形命名。</li>
+ * <li>支持自定义列名和属性名的映射，当未指定 {@code propertyColMap} 时，默认 JavaBean 的属性名为小驼峰，列名为小写蛇形命名。</li>
  * <li>使用 {@link ResultSet#getObject(String, Class)} 从 {@link ResultSet} 中获取属性值。</li>
  * <li>JavaBean 属性仅支持引用类型，不支持基本数据类型。</li>
- * <li><b>实际使用中更建议针对目标类型自定义 {@link RowMapper}。</b></li>
  * </ul>
  *
  * @author ZhouXY
@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@ public class DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> implements RowMapper<T> {
      * @param <T>      Bean 类型
      * @param beanType Bean 类型
      * @return DefaultBeanRowMapper 对象
-     * @throws SQLException 创建 {@code DefaultBeanRowMapper} 出现错误的异常时抛出
+     * @throws IllegalStateException 创建 {@code DefaultBeanRowMapper} 出现错误的异常时抛出
      */
-    public static <T> DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> of(Class<T> beanType) throws SQLException {
+    public static <T> DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> of(Class<T> beanType) {
         return of(beanType, null);
     }
 
@@ -99,10 +100,10 @@ public class DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> implements RowMapper<T> {
      * @param beanType       Bean 类型
      * @param propertyColMap Bean 字段与列名的映射关系。key 是字段，value 是列名。
      * @return {@code DefaultBeanRowMapper} 对象
-     * @throws SQLException 创建 {@code DefaultBeanRowMapper} 出现错误的异常时抛出
+     * @throws IllegalStateException 创建 {@code DefaultBeanRowMapper} 出现错误的异常时抛出
      */
-    public static <T> DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> of(Class<T> beanType, @Nullable Map<String, String> propertyColMap)
-            throws SQLException {
+    public static <T> DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> of(Class<T> beanType,
+                                                 @Nullable Map<String, String> propertyColMap) {
         try {
             // 获取无参构造器
             Constructor<T> constructor = beanType.getDeclaredConstructor();
@@ -113,10 +114,10 @@ public class DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> implements RowMapper<T> {
             return new DefaultBeanRowMapper<>(beanType, constructor, colPropertyMap, colSetterMap);
         }
         catch (IntrospectionException e) {
-            throw new SQLException("There is an exception occurs during introspection.", e);
+            throw new IllegalStateException("There is an exception occurs during introspection.", e);
         }
         catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-            throw new SQLException("Could not find a no-args constructor in " + beanType.getName(), e);
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Could not find a no-args constructor in " + beanType.getName(), e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -141,7 +142,7 @@ public class DefaultBeanRowMapper<T> implements RowMapper<T> {
             return newInstance;
         }
         catch (IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException e) {
-            throw new SQLException("Could not map row to " + beanType.getName(), e);
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Could not map row to " + beanType.getName(), e);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/RowMapper.java b/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/RowMapper.java
index d195bce..5db48a4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/RowMapper.java
+++ b/src/main/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/RowMapper.java
@@ -60,9 +60,9 @@ public interface RowMapper<T> {
      * @param <T> Java Bean 的类型
      *
      * @return {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper}
-     * @throws SQLException 如果创建 {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper} 失败
+     * @throws IllegalStateException 如果创建 {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper} 失败
      */
-    static <T> RowMapper<T> beanRowMapper(Class<T> beanType) throws SQLException {
+    static <T> RowMapper<T> beanRowMapper(Class<T> beanType) {
         return DefaultBeanRowMapper.of(beanType);
     }
 
@@ -74,10 +74,9 @@ public interface RowMapper<T> {
      * @param <T> Java Bean 的类型
      *
      * @return {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper}
-     * @throws SQLException 如果创建 {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper} 失败
+     * @throws IllegalStateException 如果创建 {@link DefaultBeanRowMapper} 失败
      */
-    static <T> RowMapper<T> beanRowMapper(Class<T> beanType, Map<String, String> propertyColMap)
-            throws SQLException {
+    static <T> RowMapper<T> beanRowMapper(Class<T> beanType, Map<String, String> propertyColMap) {
         return DefaultBeanRowMapper.of(beanType, propertyColMap);
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/test/RowMapperTest.java b/src/test/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/test/RowMapperTest.java
index f9bc5a0..aa71284 100644
--- a/src/test/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/test/RowMapperTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/xyz/zhouxy/jdbc/test/RowMapperTest.java
@@ -137,9 +137,9 @@ class RowMapperTest extends BaseH2Test {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisplayName("DefaultBeanRowMapper：无无参构造器的 Bean 抛出 SQLException")
+    @DisplayName("DefaultBeanRowMapper：无无参构造器的 Bean 抛出 IllegalStateException")
     void testDefaultBeanRowMapperNoNoArgConstructor() {
-        assertThrows(SQLException.class, () ->
+        assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () ->
                 DefaultBeanRowMapper.of(BeanWithoutNoArgConstructor.class));
     }