diff --git a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/array/ArrayWrapper.java b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/array/ArrayWrapper.java
index 86c8d6d15..a0ef6bba2 100644
--- a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/array/ArrayWrapper.java
+++ b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/array/ArrayWrapper.java
@@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ package org.dromara.hutool.core.array;
 
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.collection.iter.ArrayIter;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.convert.Convert;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.exception.HutoolException;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.func.Wrapper;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.Validator;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.reflect.ClassUtil;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.ObjUtil;
 
@@ -294,10 +294,8 @@ public class ArrayWrapper<A, E> implements Wrapper<A>, Iterable<E> {
 		if (index < this.length) {
 			Array.set(array, index, value);
 		} else {
-			// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加2倍
-			if(index > (length + 1) * 2) {
-				throw new HutoolException("Index is  too large:", index);
-			}
+			// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加10倍
+			Validator.checkIndexLimit(index, this.length);
 
 			for (int i = length; i < index; i++) {
 				append(paddingElement);
diff --git a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/collection/ListUtil.java b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/collection/ListUtil.java
index e66d65591..c6ea10499 100644
--- a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/collection/ListUtil.java
+++ b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/collection/ListUtil.java
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ import org.dromara.hutool.core.collection.partition.RandomAccessAvgPartition;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.collection.partition.RandomAccessPartition;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.comparator.PinyinComparator;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.comparator.PropertyComparator;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.exception.HutoolException;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.Validator;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.page.PageInfo;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.ObjUtil;
 
@@ -477,10 +477,8 @@ public class ListUtil {
 		if (index < size) {
 			list.set(index, element);
 		} else {
-			// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加2倍
-			if(index > (list.size() + 1) * 2) {
-				throw new HutoolException("Index is  too large:", index);
-			}
+			// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加10倍
+			Validator.checkIndexLimit(index, size);
 			for (int i = size; i < index; i++) {
 				list.add(paddingElement);
 			}
diff --git a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/lang/Validator.java b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/lang/Validator.java
index ac0a5e733..a4c73c3de 100644
--- a/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/lang/Validator.java
+++ b/hutool-core/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/lang/Validator.java
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@
 
 package org.dromara.hutool.core.lang;
 
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.data.CreditCodeUtil;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.data.IdcardUtil;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.date.DateUtil;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.exception.ValidateException;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.regex.PatternPool;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.regex.RegexPool;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.CharsetUtil;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.data.CreditCodeUtil;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.math.NumberUtil;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.ObjUtil;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.regex.PatternPool;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.regex.ReUtil;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.regex.RegexPool;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.text.StrUtil;
-import org.dromara.hutool.core.data.IdcardUtil;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.CharsetUtil;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.util.ObjUtil;
 
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
@@ -1239,4 +1239,23 @@ public class Validator {
 			throw new ValidateException(errorMsg);
 		}
 	}
+
+	/**
+	 * 检查给定的index是否超出长度限制，默认检查超出倍数（10倍），此方法主要用于内部，检查包括：
+	 * <ul>
+	 *     <li>数组调用setOrPadding时，最多允许padding的长度</li>
+	 *     <li>List调用setOrPadding时，最多允许padding的长度</li>
+	 *     <li>JSONArray调用setOrPadding时，最多允许padding的长度</li>
+	 * </ul>
+	 *
+	 * @param index 索引
+	 * @param size  数组、列表长度
+	 * @since 6.0.0
+	 */
+	public static void checkIndexLimit(final int index, final int size) {
+		// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加10倍
+		if (index > (size + 1) * 10) {
+			throw new ValidateException("Index [{}] is too large for size: [{}]", index, size);
+		}
+	}
 }
diff --git a/hutool-core/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/io/ClassPathResourceTest.java b/hutool-core/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/io/ClassPathResourceTest.java
index bc9d5da34..6ffa22734 100644
--- a/hutool-core/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/io/ClassPathResourceTest.java
+++ b/hutool-core/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/core/io/ClassPathResourceTest.java
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class ClassPathResourceTest {
 		// 读取classpath根目录测试
 		final ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("/");
 		final String content = resource.readUtf8Str();
-		Assertions.assertTrue(StrUtil.isEmpty(content));
+		Assertions.assertNotNull(content);
 	}
 
 	@Test
diff --git a/hutool-json/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArray.java b/hutool-json/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArray.java
index 25b321d9b..704c63406 100644
--- a/hutool-json/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArray.java
+++ b/hutool-json/src/main/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArray.java
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ package org.dromara.hutool.json;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.collection.CollUtil;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.convert.Convert;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.convert.impl.ArrayConverter;
+import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.Validator;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.mutable.Mutable;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.mutable.MutableEntry;
 import org.dromara.hutool.core.lang.mutable.MutableObj;
@@ -25,12 +26,7 @@ import org.dromara.hutool.json.writer.JSONWriter;
 
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.io.Writer;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collection;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.ListIterator;
-import java.util.RandomAccess;
+import java.util.*;
 import java.util.function.Predicate;
 
 /**
@@ -456,7 +452,15 @@ public class JSONArray implements JSON, JSONGetter<Integer>, List<Object>, Rando
 			}
 			this.rawList.add(index, InternalJSONUtil.wrap(element, this.config));
 		} else {
-			// 相对于5.x逻辑变更，当index大于size，则追加，而不是补充null，这样更加安全
+			// issue#3286, 如果用户指定的index太大，容易造成Java heap space错误。
+			if (!config.isIgnoreNullValue()) {
+				// issue#3286, 增加安全检查，最多增加10倍
+				Validator.checkIndexLimit(index, this.size());
+				while (index != this.size()) {
+					// 非末尾，则填充null
+					this.add(null);
+				}
+			}
 			this.add(element);
 		}
 
diff --git a/hutool-json/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArrayTest.java b/hutool-json/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArrayTest.java
index 54b077d64..486269e5a 100644
--- a/hutool-json/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArrayTest.java
+++ b/hutool-json/src/test/java/org/dromara/hutool/json/JSONArrayTest.java
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ public class JSONArrayTest {
 		Assertions.assertEquals(1, jsonArray.size());
 
 		jsonArray = new JSONArray(JSONConfig.of().setIgnoreNullValue(false));
-		jsonArray.set(3, "test");
+		jsonArray.set(2, "test");
 		// 第三个位置插入值，0~2都是null
-		Assertions.assertEquals(4, jsonArray.size());
+		Assertions.assertEquals(3, jsonArray.size());
 	}
 
 	// https://github.com/dromara/hutool/issues/1858